Answer for CoW 11 December 2016
Pulmonary edema
Findings
Bilateral extensive perihilar and peribronchial air space opacities with air bronchograms with sparing of the periphery, suggestive of BATWING PATTERN Moderate bilateral pleural effusion is noted - The above CT features are suggestive of cardiogenic pulmonary edema. This patient was already diagnosed as Renal Failure.
Discussion
There are two basic types of pulmonary edema. One is cardogenic edema caused by increased hydrostatic pulmonary capillary pressure. The other is termed noncardogenic pulmonary edema, and is caused by either altered capillary membrane permeability or decreased plasma oncotic pressure. A helpful mnemonic for noncardiogenic pulmonary edema is NOT CARDIAC (near-drowning, oxygen therapy, transfusion or trauma, CNS disorder, ARDS, aspiration, or altitude sickness, renal disorder or resuscitation, drugs, inhaled toxins, allergic alveolitis, contrast or contusion. On a CXR, cardiogenic pulmonary edema shows cephalization of the pulmonary vessels, Kerley B lines or septal lines, peribronchial cuffing, "bat wing" pattern, patchy shadowing with air bronchograms, and increased cardiac size.
Findings
Bilateral extensive perihilar and peribronchial air space opacities with air bronchograms with sparing of the periphery, suggestive of BATWING PATTERN Moderate bilateral pleural effusion is noted - The above CT features are suggestive of cardiogenic pulmonary edema. This patient was already diagnosed as Renal Failure.
Discussion
There are two basic types of pulmonary edema. One is cardogenic edema caused by increased hydrostatic pulmonary capillary pressure. The other is termed noncardogenic pulmonary edema, and is caused by either altered capillary membrane permeability or decreased plasma oncotic pressure. A helpful mnemonic for noncardiogenic pulmonary edema is NOT CARDIAC (near-drowning, oxygen therapy, transfusion or trauma, CNS disorder, ARDS, aspiration, or altitude sickness, renal disorder or resuscitation, drugs, inhaled toxins, allergic alveolitis, contrast or contusion. On a CXR, cardiogenic pulmonary edema shows cephalization of the pulmonary vessels, Kerley B lines or septal lines, peribronchial cuffing, "bat wing" pattern, patchy shadowing with air bronchograms, and increased cardiac size.
Note:
We do not discourage differential diagnosis. But all the differentials must satisfy the findings noted in the case.
If you feel you have answered rightly but cannot find your name in the above list, please call 09551942599.
Did you Know?
The order in which the names appear in this winner's list is based on the time of submission. The first person to send the correct answer gets his/her name on top of the list!
We do not discourage differential diagnosis. But all the differentials must satisfy the findings noted in the case.
If you feel you have answered rightly but cannot find your name in the above list, please call 09551942599.
Did you Know?
The order in which the names appear in this winner's list is based on the time of submission. The first person to send the correct answer gets his/her name on top of the list!